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Abbacchio: young lamb, specialty of
Corsica.
A point: cooked medium rare.
Abat(s): organ meat(s).
Abati(s): giblet(s) of poultry or game fowl.
Abondance: firm thick wheel of cow's-milk cheese from
the Savoie, a département in the Alps.
Abricot: apricot.
Acacia: the acacia tree, the blossoms of which are used
for making fritters; also honey made from the blossom.
Acajou: cashew nut.
Achatine: land snail, or escargot, imported from China
and Indonesia; less prized than other varieties.
Addition: bill.
Affamé: starving.
Affinage: process of aging cheese.
Affiné: aged, as with cheese.
Agneau (de lait): lamb (young, milk-fed).
Agneau chilindron: sauté of lamb with potatoes
and garlic, specialty of the Basque country.
Agneau de Paulliac: breed of lamb from the southwest.
Agnelet: baby milk-fed lamb.
Agnelle: ewe lamb.
Agrume(s): citrus fruit(s).
Aïado: roast lamb shoulder stuffed with parsley,
chervil, and garlic.
Aiglefin: aigrefin, églefin: small fresh haddock,
a type of cod.
Aïgo bouido: garlic soup, served with oil, over
slices of bread; a specialty of Provence.
Aïgo saou: "water-salt" in Provençal;
a fish soup that includes, of course, water and salt,
plus a mixture of small white fish, onions, potatoes,
tomatoes, garlic, herbs, and olive oil; specialty of
Provence.
Aigre: bitter; sour.
Aigre-doux: sweet and sour.
Aigrelette, sauce: a sort of tart sauce.
Aiguillette: a long, thin slice of poultry, meat, or
fish. Also, top part of beef rump.
Ail: garlic.
Aile: wing of poultry or game bird.
Aile et cuisse: used to describe white breast meat (aile)
and dark thigh meat (cuisse), usually of chicken.
Aillade: garlic sauce; also, dishes based on garlic.
Aillé: with garlic.
Aillet: shoot of mild winter baby garlic, a specialty
of the Poitou-Charentes region along the Atlantic coast.
Aïoli, ailloli: garlic mayonnaise. Also, salt cod,
hard-cooked eggs, boiled snails, and vegetables served
with garlic mayonnaise; specialty of Provence.
Airelle: wild cranberry
Aisy cendré: thick disc of cow's-milk cheese,
washed with eau-de-vie and patted with wood ashes; also
called cendre d'aisy: a specialty of Burgundy
Albuféra: béchamel sauce with sweet peppers,
prepared with chicken stock instead of milk; classic
sauce for poultry.
Algue(s): edible seaweed.
Aligot: mashed potatoes with tomme (the fresh curds
used in making Cantal cheese) and garlic; specialty
of the Auvergne.
Alisier, alizier: eau-de-vie with the taste of bitter
almonds, made with the wild red serviceberries that
grow in the forests of Alsace.
Allumette: "match"; puff pastry strips; also
fried matchstick potatoes.
Alose: shad, a spring river fish plentiful in the Loire
and Gironde rivers.
Alouette: lark.
Aloyau: loin area of beef; beef sirloin, butcher's cut
that includes the rump and contre-filet.
Alsacienne, à l': in the style of Alsace, often
including sauerkraut, sausage, or foie gras.
Amande: almond.
Amande de mer: smooth-shelled shellfish, like a small
clam, with a sweet, almost almond flavor.
Amandine: with almonds.
Ambroisie: ambrosia.
Amer: bitter; as in unsweetened chocolate.
Américaine, Amoricaine: sauce of white wine,
Cognac, tomatoes, and butter.
Ami du Chambertin: "friend of Chambertin wine";
moist and buttery short cylinder of cow's milk cheese
with a rust-colored rind, made near the village of Gevrey-Chambertin
in Burgundy. Similar to Epoisses cheese. Amourette(s):
spinal bone marrow of calf or ox.
Amuse-bouche or amusegueule: "amuse the mouth";
appetizer.
Ananas: pineapple.
Anchoïade: sauce that is a blend of olive oil,
anchovies, and garlic, usually served with raw vegetables;
specialty of Provence; also, paste of anchovies and
garlic, spread on toast.
Anchois (de Collioure): anchovy (prized salt-cured anchovy
from Collioure, a port town near the Spanish border
of the Languedoc), fished in the Atlantic and the Mediterranean.
Ancienne, à l': in the old style.
Andouille: large smoked chitterling (tripe) sausage,
usually served cold.
Andouillette: small chitterling (tripe) sausage, usually
served grilled.
Aneth: dill.
Anise étoilé: star anise; also called
badiane,
Ange à cheval: "angel on horseback";
grilled bacon-wrapped oyster.
Anglaise, à l': English style, plainly cooked.
Anguille (au vert): eel; (poached in herb sauce).
Anis: anise or aniseed.
Anis étoilé: star anise.
AOC: see Appellation d'origine contrôlée.
Apéritif: a before-dinner drink that stimulates
the appetite, usually somewhat sweet or mildly bitter.
Appellation d'origine contrôlée (AOC):
specific definition of a particular cheese, butter,
fruit, wine, or poultry--once passed down from generation
to generation now recognized by law--regulating the
animal breed or variety of fruit, the zone of production,
production techniques, composition of the product, its
physical characteristics, and its specific attributes.
Arachide (huile d'; pâté d'): peanut (oil;
butter).
Araignée de mer: spider crab.
Arbousier (miel d'): trailing arbutus, small evergreen
shrubby tree of the heather family, also called strawberry
tree, ground laurel and madrona tree with strawberry-like
fruit dotted with tiny bumps; (honey of). Used for making
liqueurs, jellies, and jams.
Arc en ciel (truite): rainbow (trout).
Ardennaise, à l': in the style of the Ardennes,
a département in northern France; generally a
dish with juniper berries.
Ardi gasna: Basque name for sheep's-milk cheese.
Ardoise: blackboard; bistros often use a blackboard
to list specialties in place of a printed menu
Arête: fish bone.
Arlésienne, à l': in the style of Arles,
a town in Provence; with tomatoes, onions, eggplant,
potatoes, rice, and sometimes olives.
Armagnac: brandy from the Armagnac area of Southwestern
France.
Aromate: aromatic herb, vegetable, or flavoring.
Arômes à la gêne: generic name for
a variety of tangy, lactic cheeses of the Lyon area
that have been steeped in gêne, or dry marc, the
dried grape skins left after grapes are pressed for
wine. Can be of cow's milk, goat's milk, or a mixture.
Arosé(e): sprinkled, basted, moistened with liquid.
Arpajon: a town in the Ile-de-France; dried bean capital
of France; a dish containing dried beans.
Artichaut (violet) artichoke (small purple) (camus)
snub-nosed..
Artichaut à la Barigoule: in original form, artichokes
cooked with mushrooms and oil; also, artichoke stuffed
with ham, onion, and garlic, browned in oil with onions
and bacon, then cooked in water or white wine; specialty
of Provence.
Asperge (violette): asparagus (purple-tipped asparagus,
a specialty of the Côte-d'Azur).
Assaisonné: seasoned; seasoned with.
Assiette anglaise: assorted cold meats, usually served
as a first course.
Assiette de pêcheur: assorted fish platter.
Assoifé: parched, thirsty.
Assorti(e): assorted.
Aubergine: eggplant.
Aulx: plural of ail (garlic).
Aumônière: "beggar's purse";
thin crêpe, filled and tied like a bundle.
Aurore: tomato and cream sauce.
Auvergnat(e): in the style of the Auvergne; often with
cabbage, sausage, and bacon.
Aveline: hazelnut or filbert, better known as noisette.
Avocat: avocado.
Avoine: oat.
Axoa: a dish of ground veal, onions, and the local fresh
chiles, piment d'Espelette; specialty of the Basque
region.
Azyme, pain: unleavened bread; matzo.
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